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Absinthe (Artemisia absinthium), this odorous plant with recognized medicinal properties, has passed through the ages, from antiquity to the present day, through its famous association with the drink of the same name, appreciated by artists such as Vincent van Gogh and Pablo Picasso. However, beyond its spiritual uses, absinthe is distinguished by its therapeutic virtues, ranging from the elimination of intestinal parasites to the fight against cancer. This powerful plant deserves our full attention.
What is absinthe?
Absinthe, or Artemisia absinthium, is a perennial plant belonging to the family Asteraceae, commonly known as the Margarite family. Originally from Europe, Africa and Asia, it also grows in the United States, along roads and trails. Measuring between 30 centimeters and 1 meter, it has grey-green stems covered with fine hair and yellowish green leaves with spicy and bitter aromas. The essential oil, extracted from the leaves and flowers, contains several bioactive components, including thuyone, a potentially toxic compound.
Sweet absinthe (Artemisia annua), also called annual sagebrush or sweet sheep, is another common variety, particularly popular for its medicinal properties.
Chemical composition
Absinthe is distinguished by its richness in bioactive components such as flavonoids, phenolic acids and sesquiterpene lactones. Among them, thuyone is the most controversial element because of its potential toxicity when distilled in alcohol, as in the absinthe drink. However, absinthe also contains other beneficial compounds, such as ascorbic acid (vitamin C), carotenoids and tannins, which contribute to its therapeutic properties.